CO129-380 - Governor Sir Lugard - 1911 [9-10] — Page 322

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I

Print forwarded with the Secretary of States Confidential Despatch of 31st. Lay, 1911, appears to acknowledge that the cession of Honey -kong by China i to Great Britain did not alter the nationality any non-Chinese who may have been resident on the Island at the time. No one as has already been said can have his nationality taken from him without his acquiescence nor can he give it up without the acquiescence of the State to which he originally owed allegiance.

In her newly issued Nationality Laws, which have clear- -ly been drafted by a careful student not merely of International Law but of the Nationality Laws of different States, China affirms her adherence to the principle that Chinese nationality is a status dependent on blood and not on the place of birth (except in cases e.g. Art. 2 where no other nationality is possible). She however recognises the right of aliens to acquire Chinese nationality and makes provision for sanctioning changes of nationality by her own subjects. On the whole I am inclined to regard these laws as good laws based on sound principles of jurisprudence and I think they would give rise to little or no friction were it not for the fact that extra-territorial juris- -diction and diplomatic or consular "good offices" must of necessity engender friction when applied to cases of dual nationality or of doubtful nationality. As this friction is inevitable it would perhaps be as well to enquire into the nationality of those inhabitants of the Colony who are of Chinese race, an enquiry which appears essential in- -asmuch as from the political point of view it would be absurd for Great Britain to obtain claim oxtra-territorial jurisdiction over, or protection for, those who are subjects of China only, probably un- -reasonable to claim consular jurisdiction over, and possibly unreason- -able to claim protection for, those who are subjects of both countri- ́ -es, and almost certainly necessary to claim both in the case of those who are solely British subjects.

The inhabitants of the Colony of Chinese race and their descendants do not all stand on the same footing,

First there are those who were on the Island of Hongkong at the date of the cession. By Article III of the Treaty of Nanking

1842 the Island of Hongkong was ceded in perpetuity to Great Bricain